Why is my hot tub filled with foam?
Let’s examine what causes the foam, why it manifests, where it comes from, and what we can do to stop it.
Three elements must be present for foaming to happen: Surfactants, air, and water.
Surfactants are molecules that have a hydrophilic (water-loving) end and a hydrophobic (water-fearing) end. When these molecules are added to water, they reduce the surface tension of the water, allowing air to be more easily incorporated into the water. This air-water mixture is what causes the foam to form.
We understand that the water enters the hot tub and that air is introduced when the jets are activated, however, what is the source of the surfactants? How are they added to the hot tub?
The presence of surfactants in a hot tub can be attributed to three main sources: personal care products, drinks and beverages, and the bodies of people using the hot tub. Anything that you use on or apply to your body, such as soap, shampoo, conditioner, deodorant, hairspray, tanning creams, moisturisers, lotions, makeup and washing detergent, can be taken into the hot tub with you. Additionally, any spilt beverages, both alcoholic and soft drinks, can upset the water balance and lead to foaming. Another possible source is from the water itself. If your hot tub is using hard water, then the calcium and magnesium in the water can act as surfactants.
How to get rid of hot tub foam?
We are presented with two options: do we settle for a quick and temporary solution in order to be ready for the party tonight, or do we take the time to do the job properly now and avoid a bigger problem down the line?
Short-term, temporary solution?
If you need an immediate solution, adding a foam remover chemical can be an effective way to reduce or eliminate foam in a short period of time. However, it is important to note that this is only a temporary fix and does not address the root cause of the issue, which is likely related to the water quality or a lack of regular water care. If this solution fails to work, the only viable option is to take the necessary steps to properly address the water quality.
Long Term Solution
Doing a proper job of cleaning a hot tub involves more than just draining the water. First, it is important to test the water to determine the pH, alkalinity, sanitiser levels, and total dissolved solids (TDS) to get an understanding of the water chemistry when foaming occurs. Then, the tub should be drained and the pumps and pipework flushed with clean water and system flush cleaner. The inside of the tub should also be thoroughly cleaned and all traces of cleaner should be removed. Finally, the tub should be refilled, the water tested, and the appropriate chemicals added. After that, the water should be tested again to make sure all is satisfactory. Once that is done, it is time to enjoy the hot tub!
In order to reduce the possibility of foaming or avoid it altogether, it is important to take a thorough shower before entering the hot tub to remove any contaminants and surfactants. Bathing clothes should be washed and rinsed in clean water to remove all traces of detergent and conditioners. Hair should also be washed and rinsed before entering the hot tub. Spilling drinks or food into the water should be avoided and regular water maintenance should be done. Quality chemicals and water treatments should be used to ensure the best water quality. Following these steps can help reduce the risk of foaming and allow you to enjoy your hot tub experience.
